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Aims
To test the hypothesis that exposure to parental substance use disorder is associated with an increased risk of being not in education, employment or training (NEET) in male and female offspring during young adulthood.
Design, setting and participants
A register‐based, national cohort study of 797 376 individuals born between 1984 and 1990, residing in Sweden at age 17 years. Participants...
Background and Aims
Alcohol demand, a measure of alcohol’s reinforcing value, is associated with greater alcohol consumption and alcohol‐related problems. Although alcohol demand has primarily been evaluated as a ‘trait‐like’, individual difference measure, recent evidence indicates that demand exhibits meaningful short‐term fluctuations. We aimed to determine whether moment‐to‐moment fluctuations...
Background
Cannabis is among the most consumed psychoactive substances world‐wide. Considering changing policy trends regarding the substance, it is crucial to understand more clearly its potential acute and residual adverse effects from a public health viewpoint. Cognitive function is one of the targeted areas with conflicting findings. This meta‐review measured the magnitude of acute and residual...
Background and aims
Variation in the TAS2R38 taste receptor gene alters the ability to taste bitter compounds. We tested whether TAS2R38 variation influences early smoking behaviours in adolescence, a critical period of acquisition when taste may influence the natural course of tobacco use.
Design and participants
Observational study (Nicotine Dependence in Teens [NDIT]). Cox proportional hazards...
Background and Aims
Drug use disorders are associated with increased risk of self‐harm. Risk differences associated with specific types of drug use disorders are yet to be comprehensively reported. This study aimed to examine the risk of self‐harm or suicide associated with different drug use disorders in Hong Kong.
Design
Population‐based cohort study.
Setting
The Clinical Data Analysis and...
Background and Aims
Research into alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients' prognosis has largely ignored the longitudinal dynamics in drinking behaviour. This study measured the association between alcohol consumption trajectories and mortality risk in CVD patients.
Design
Prospective cohort study.
Setting
UK‐based Whitehall II Study.
Participants
A total of 1306 participants...
Aims
To estimate the associations between high‐risk alcohol consumption and (1) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) seroconversion, (2) self‐reported new SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and (3) symptomatic COVID‐19.
Design
Prospective cohort study.
Setting
Indiana University Bloomington (IUB), IN, USA.
Participants
A total of 1027 IUB undergraduate students (64% female), aged...
Aims
To characterize comparative risks and benefits of methadone versus buprenorphine/naloxone in a contemporary cohort where the unregulated drug supply is dominated by fentanyl.
Design, Setting and Participants
Population‐based propensity‐score matched cohort study conducted in Ontario, Canada among people aged 18+ initiating opioid agonist therapy (OAT) for an opioid use disorder between October...
Background and aims
One‐third of opioid (OPI) overdose deaths involve concurrent benzodiazepine (BZD) use. Little is known about concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine use (OPI–BZD) most associated with overdose risk. We aimed to examine associations between OPI–BZD dose and duration trajectories, and subsequent OPI or BZD overdose in US Medicare.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
US Medicare...
Background and aims
Smoking is extremely common among adults experiencing homelessness, but there is lack of evidence for treatment efficacy. E‐cigarettes are an effective quitting aid, but they have not been widely tested in smokers with complex health and social needs. Here we build upon our cluster feasibility trial and evaluate the offer of an e‐cigarette or usual care to smokers accessing a...
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